Looking back, I find that it did non take long for me to happen out the perfect sheepskin paper subject. And although there are certain sentiments that portray Jane Austen as a drilling and field writer, I personally disapprove of those statements, otherwise I would non hold chosen her life and work as subject for my diploma paper. As I have ever been interested in reading about love, household and friendly relationship every bit good, it seemed to me that Jane Austen is among the writers who successfully portrayed all of these subjects and other elements in her plants as she made usage of her preciseness of linguistic communication. I am among the group of people who consider Jane Austen to be one of the writers who provided us both witty characters and novels that presented themselves as comedies of societal manners.

This is in fact one of the grounds that drew me closer and closer to the thought of reading a Jane Austen novel, but it was merely after I exhaustively deepened my reading did I find there was something more to her plants. After I researched on her manner of life, I became cognizant that, go forthing subjects such as love, parents or friendly relationship aside, there was another subject carefully chosen by the writer: the sequence of both land and money that bypassed adult females in those yearss. This heritage issue besides bypassed Austen herself, her female parent and her sister Cassandra, and hence I believe that this is what finally led her to develop such a acute sense of consciousness of the legion limitations that were placed upon adult females by none other than society. This is in fact a topic that had been carefully dealt with in her novels.

That peculiar consciousness of the writer was successfully combined with her mawkishness and sometimes with a all right coppice of sarcasm and sense of amusement, and that is what helped Austen portray the really good known universe of her novels.

I can safely state that I personally enjoyed reading all of her novels, foremost in Romanian, and subsequently in English. After I deepened my reading I became more cognizant of the fact that Jane Austen was non so much keen on making an interesting secret plan in her novels but instead on the character building, and particularly that of the female character, one who ever seems to be in hunt of freedom. Therefore, her heroines are endowed with great personality and humor and a singular sense of morality that seems to defy the trial of clip.

The more I read about Jane Austen the more I understood that there were and still are a batch of people who consider her to be nil but a field and highly common writer. But after I have watched docudramas about her I could non hold more to Samuel Beckett ‘s ain sentiment, and that is that the Godhead Jane has much to learn us and I have the belief that after reading Jane Austen one can non assist oneself in deriving a moral lesson, one that finally each novel has to give.

I would wish to travel on with the construction of my diploma paper. It consists of three chapters in which we will discourse some general information about the period in which she wrote her novels but besides assorted facets refering Jane Austen ‘s life and work. We will besides discourse the issue of the difference of sentiments between people who think she genuinely was singular in her manner, and those who think she was nil but a deadening writer. The novels I chose to compose about are Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park and Emma. All these three novels will be further on discussed individually in the 2nd chapter of the paper. The concluding findings and decisions are to be included in the last chapter.

Chapter I

Historical and societal facets of the period

Jane Austen was born during the reign of King George the 3rd of England, a King that was good known for his kindness and lovingness nature for all those around him. However, the King suffered from porphyria, a disease which produces terrible physical strivings, and his upset finally led people to speak about a Prince Regent. The Prince of Wales, George Augustus Frederick ascended the throne in February 1811 as the Prince Regent who subsequently became the frequenter of literature, music and humanistic disciplines.

Jane Austen lived through both the War of Independence and the Gallic Revolution. After the Gallic declared war on Britain, things were non to be the same for the Austen sisters, particularly for Cassandra. Her groom-to-be, Reverend Tom Fowle was sent as chaplain in The West Indies. As he finally died of xanthous febrility, he failed to maintain his promice for he ne’er came back place to get married Cassandra, who could non happen the strenght within to replace Tom. She died single merely like her sister Jane did.

Austen grew to dislike the Prince Regent, and that was to be seen when he seemingly ‘honoured ‘ the writer by leting her to give the fresh Emma to him: “ To His Royal Highness the Prince Regent, this work is, by His Royal Highness ‘s permission, most respectfully dedicated to His Royal Highness by His dutiful and obedient low retainer, the Writer ” ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.janeausten.org/regency-period.asp ) . Upon his decease in 1830, the epoch was to be known as the Regency.

The period in which Jane Austen wrote is besides known as the pre-victorian period, as Queen Victoria ascended to the throne of England in 1837, after her uncle William IV died, twenty old ages after the decease of Jane Austen.

Another of import topic during Austen ‘s clip was the issue of bondage. The writer chose to do elusive mentions to this subject in most plants such as Mansfield Park, Emma, Pride and Predjudice, Persuasion, Sense and Sensibility.

Brief Journey into Jane

Austen ‘s Life

Jane Austen was born during the reign of King George the 3rd on December 16th 1775 in the little small town Steventon in Hampshire as the 2nd girl of the academically-minded Reverend George Austen and the blue Cassandra Leigh. Upon the birth of his 2nd girl, George Austen wrote to his sister-in- jurisprudence that “ we have now another miss, a present toy for her sister Cassy and a future comrade. She is to be Jenny, and seems to me as if she would be as similar Henry, as Cassy is to Neddy ” ( Jane Austen, The World of her Novels, Deirdre Le Faye, 2002, page 9 ) .

On history of bad conditions conditions, and due to the fact that Austen was born in a cold December twenty-four hours, all roads were covered with snow, therefore doing going rather impossible. This was in fact the ground for her late christening at Steventon church, in April the undermentioned twelvemonth.

I would wish to travel on with some information about Jane Austen ‘s household. Her male parent, Reverend George Austen was unfortunate to see the loss of his parents when he was still really immature, but ‘luckily he had Austen uncles and aunts who brought him up ‘ . ( Jane Austen-The World of her Novels, Deirdre Le Faye, page 10 ) . Both Austen ‘s parents were of low beginning, and hence had no material ownerships that could be passed on to their eight kids by agencies of heritage. As was the usage in those yearss, they relied on other affluent household members that had stuff agencies to assist them raise their kids. As I have antecedently stated, the Austen household had eight kids, among which merely two girls, hence Jane established a close relation with her darling sister, named after her female parent and to whom she is said to be ‘wedded to eachother by the resemblance of their fortunes ‘ ( Jane Austen in Context, edited by Janet Todd, page 3 ) . Their first-born boy James ( 1765-1819 ) subsequently became the vicar of Sherborne St. John. George ( 1766-1838 ) was suspected to be epileptic, and although his household tried to take attention of him at place they ended up being overwhelmed, and sent him off to a cottage dweller household. Edward ( 1767-1852 ) enjoyed the protection of Mr. Thomas Knight and his married woman, a distant cousin of George Austen, and inherited an sum of wealth from his aunt and uncle. Both Francis ( 1774-1865 ) and Charles ( 1779-1852 ) attended the Naval Academy in 1791 and went on functioning in the Royal Navy.

However, she developed close dealingss with her brother Henry ( 1771-1850 ) , partially because he was Jane ‘s literary agent. Henry subsequently provided us with of import biographical information on his sister ‘s life in his brief ‘Biographical notice of the writer ‘ , published a twelvemonth after Austen ‘s decease. Having developed such a close relation with her brother Henry made it much easier for him to utilize nil but sort and soft words as he described her as being elegant, benevolent and reasonable.

As he wanted nil but the best for his two girls, in the spring of 1785 Reverend George Austen sent both his girls Jane and Cassandra ( 1773-1845 ) to the Abbey House School in Reading, where they were to have a proper instruction. They returned to Steventon the undermentioned twelvemonth, in December 1786, because he became cognizant of the fact that due to his bare stuff means he could no longer afford to maintain both of them there, and so the instruction of the misss passed on to their male parent and siblings.

Although she ne’er married nor had any kids she could name her ain, Jane Austen had her just portion of suers. From her letters to sister Cassandra and from a papers that belonged to Austen herself we can attest the fact that she was in love with a immature adult male, who besides happened to be the nephew of their neighbors. In 1795, the Austen household, who at that clip was still populating in Steventon, received several visits from a immature Law pupil named Tom Lefroy. Her love affair, as some might name it, was subsequently screened in Julian Jarrold ‘s Becoming Jane, who won the People ‘s Choice Award in 2008 in the class of Favorite Independent Movie.

Jane and Tom have grown fond of eachother in clip and pass a batch of clip in eachother ‘s company, a fact rapidly noticed by their households. But this unhappily led to no happy fortunes, and as Tom ‘s household ne’er approved of their relationship, they sent him off trusting the two would finally estrange their fondnesss for eachother.

In 1801 the Austen household decided to go forth Steventon in favour of Bath. In the undermentioned twelvemonth, in 1802, while Miss. Jane was sing her brother James in Steventon, she was proposed by Harris-Bigg Wither, whom she accepts merely to retreat her credence a twenty-four hours subsequently.

After Reverend George Austen passed off in 1805, Mrs. Austen made the pick of traveling with her girls to Southampton. Their stay in Southampton is comparatively brief, as the staying Austen misss move to the small town of Chawton, in Hampshire, in a house owned by Edward.

In the spring of 1816, Jane Austen ‘s wellness had visibly started to deteriorate, and by the undermentioned twelvemonth on the 18th of March, the writer was unhappily forced to set away her darling pen and the authorship of Sandition because she was excessively sick to go on working on it. Hoping for a alteration in Jane ‘s wellness, Cassandra took her to Winchester in 1817 to have the medical attention she much needed, but it prooved to be ineffectual because she died on the 18th of July 1817 of Addison ‘s disease.

Feminist writer Jane Austen was buried at Winchester Cathedral a hebdomad after she unfortunately passed off.

1.3 Literary influences

Towards the terminal of her life, Jane Austen received the privilege of entree to the library at Godmersham Park, and was a portion of a book nine in Chawton. Harmonizing to Austen ‘s personal household letters, the writer was aquainted and familiar with the plants of some of the greatest poets that of all time lived, suck as the great William Shakespeare, Henry Fielding, Lawrence Sterne, Milton, Alexander Pope, William Wordswort or Walter Scott, who was a modern-day author of Austen. She was besides familiar with the plants of some female authors she most and genuinely seemed to look up to, and who had a great literary influence on her, such as Charlotte Smith or Maria Edgeworth did. As she continued on reading, ‘she effortlessly absorbed other manners, qui vive to the assorted responses they provoked in a scope of different readers ‘ ( Jane Austen in Context, Janet Todd, Cambridge University Press, 2005, page 44 ) .

One of Jane Austen favourite novels at that clip was Richardson ‘s The History of Sir Charles Grandison, and resemblances between this work and her ain Mansfield Park have been made on legion occasions by bookmans who recognized the growing of Fanny ‘s love for Edmund to be rather similar to that of Sir Charles ‘s towards Harriet.

Harmonizing to her brother and literary agent, Henry Austen, Cowper was ‘her favorite moral author in poetry ‘ ( Jane Austen in Context, Janet Todd, Cambridge University Press, 2005, page 48 ) . At that clip and in that society, reading aloud was thought to be rather a sociable activity, and Jane Austen was non a alien to that. She read assorted plants for her household and friends, and this likely helped her in farther development and get the hanging her accomplishment of duologue.

The absorbing universe of austenian novels

‘Jane ‘s determination to restrict herself to composing about what she personally knew seems to hold been influenced, consciously or non, by her involvement in human psychological science, which encouraged her to give deepness instead than breadth to her fictional creative activities ‘ ( Deirdre Le Faye, Jane Austen, The World of her novels, page 150 ) .

After Jane Austen returned from the Abbey House School in Reading, she imediately began to compose amusing essays and short narratives, chiefly because she grew up in a household who really much supported and loved their kids. She began with the authorship of her first plant which would subsequently have the rubric of Volumes the First, Second and Third. Everything she wrote during this period was to be subsequently described as her Juvenillia. It is said that at first she found herself composing out of pure pleasance and admitted she was non interested in deriving any kind of income from her work. It was delighting and reconforting for Jane Austen to gain that through her witty authorship she could gain both much needed money and celebrity as the fringe benefits, benefits and honor of being called an writer were get downing to emerge.

In 1793 she began composing Lady Susan, a novel-in-letters about a coldhearted, average and highly revengeful widow who successfully masters the art of use to such an extent as to coerce her girl to come in a matrimony at a really immature age.

Encouraged as she was, she began to compose Love and Friendship at the immature age of 14. She wrote brulesques, sarcasms, epistolaries, and in 1795 she began to compose an early narrative, a novel-in-letters, foremost under the name Eleanor and Marianne. This was re-written in 1797 and subsequently on presented itself under a wholly different rubric we, as Austen readers, are more familiar with: Sense and Sensibility. First Impressions was written in 1797, but was rejected by Thomas Cadell, and so she began revising it and several old ages subsequently, in 1813, Austen provided us with a book that would subsequently go her major and most known work: Pride and Prejudice. Northanger Abbey was written in 1798 and ended up being sold to a publishing house for the sum of ?10, an sum of money that seemed to delight Austen really much. Mansfield Park was written in 1814, Emma in 1816 and Persuasion was published posthumously in 1818 along with her unfinished work, Sandition. These four novels were written while Austen lived in Chawton.

I have noticed that critics tend to split Jane Austen ‘s plants into three periods of clip. Some of them regard Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice and Northanger Abbey as being written in slightly of a igniter and playful temper, and Mansfield Park, Emma and Persuasion to hold a well-built psichological side to them. Apparently, her unfinished plants, The Watsons and Sandition seem to fall in neither period of clip, as some critics suggest that these should be ignored because they were left unfinished. Others are of the sentiment that all of Austen ‘s finished novels are an look of her big period spent at Chawton due to the fact that these were redrafted and revised.

Her darling sister, Cassandra Austen, provided us with the composing of her novels that was likely made after her sister ‘s decease:

‘First Impressions begun in Oct 1796

Finished in Aug1 1797. Publishd

afterwards, with changes & A ; hundred contractions

under the Title of Pride & A ; Prejudice.

Sense & A ; Sensibility begun Nov. 1797.

I am certain that something of the

same narrative 6c characters had been

written earlier 6c called Elinor & A ; Marianne

Mansfield Park, begun someplace

about Feby 1811 – Finished shortly after

June 1813

Emma begun Jan^ 21s T 1814, finishd

March 29t H 1815

Persuasion begun Aug1 8 T H 1815

finished Aug1 6 T H 1816

North-hanger Abbey was written

about the old ages 98 & A ; 99

C.E.A. ‘ ( Jane Austen in Context, Janet Todd, Cambridge University Press, 2005, page 16 ) .

Jane Austen ‘s novels portray events that happened or could hold happened during her ain clip, which is to state she wrote purely of what she knew or facts she was familiar with, such as the position of adult females in those yearss or that of heritage and even the really delicate issue of bondage. This represents one of the grounds for my appreciacion towards her and her manner of composing. Not merely was she a female author, but she was an divine and witty one excessively. The universe of an Austen novel is basically the fortunes under which a individual loves or falls in love and the effects that follow that love. As to the location of the topographic points we can happen within the novels, these are really much existent and non fictional, for she uses topographic points such as Bath to depict where the action takes topographic point. Although the topographic points were existent, she tended to be really obscure in depicting the houses or streets, chiefly because she wanted to avoid the possibility of her coevalss doing connexions to certain groups of people that were populating at that place at that clip.

This is what her brother Henry wrote back to an American supporter of Austen:

‘Of the animation of her imaginativeness and gaiety of her illusion, as besides of the truthfulness of her description of character and deep cognition of the human head, there are sufficient grounds in her plants ; and it has been a affair of surprise to those who knew her best, how she could at a really early age and with seemingly limited agencies of observation, have been capable of nicely know aparting and pourtraying such assortments of the human character as are introduced in her plants ‘ ( The World of Her Novels, Deirdre Le Faye, Abrams, 2002, page 150 ) .

Small by small, Jane Austen found her manner towards the grasp of her fans, and nowadays she represents one of the several writers whose popularity increased due to the fresh versions and book-based films.

Becoming Jane

Jane ( Anne Hathaway ) and Tom ( James McAvoy )

In Becoming Jane

‘In instance you thought Jane Austen was a musty old maid who spent her downtime making crochet, Becoming Jane should alleviate you of this impression ‘ ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bbc.co.uk/films/2007/03/05/becoming_jane_2007_review.shtml ) . Directed by Julian Jarrod and put Forth by book authors Kevin Hood and Sarah Williams 2007 Becoming Jane tells the life narrative of feminist writer Jane Austen. American actress Anne Hathaway was cast as Jane Austen and James McAvoy as Tom Lefroy.

This is what Anne answered when Rob Carnevale asked her how nerve-wrecking was it to play a character like Jane Austen:

When I foremost thought about going Jane Austen I had to bury about the fright, or at least choose something else to concentrate on because it was going paralysing. I did n’t desire to neglect, so I was seting a batch of force per unit area on myself.

I really forgot about it when we were doing the movie but so all of a sudden, inexplicably, about a month after we stopped shooting I started holding bad dreams about being chased around and being stabbed to decease with my Jane Austen quill. I ‘d wake up in the center of the dark perspiration and take a breathing really to a great extent. That stopped when people started to watch the movie and they liked it so I guess I ‘m severely in demand of other people ‘s blessing. It truly would hold broken my bosom to hold messed this one up.

( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bbc.co.uk/films/2007/03/05/anne_hathaway_2007_becoming_jane_interview.shtml )

For me, Becoming Jane is one of the few films I can unfeignedly province I loved watching. It depicted her early phases in life from the divine minute she decided to set pen to paper up to the minute she emerged as a superb writer and intelligent adult female.

A twelvemonth after the movie was releasedit won the People ‘s Choice Awards in the class of Favourite Independent Movies.

The Divine Jane is another of import docudrama that provides us with yet another penetration into Jane Austen ‘s life. This short docudrama was a portion of a successful exhibition that took topographic point from November 6 2009 through March 14 2010 in New York, on Madison Avenue at The Morgan Library & A ; Museum. The name of the exhibition was carefuly chosen as: A Woman ‘s Wit: Jane Austen ‘s Life and Legacy.

Chapter II

2.1 The Austen trade

‘An artist can non make anything slovenly ‘ ( Jane Austen: the universe of her novels, Deirdre Le Faye, Abrams, 2002, page 149 ) . This is one of the celebrated quotation marks by Jane Austen herself, one that is frequently heard by any reader of her novels. As we found out from her life, Austen started to compose for her ain amusement, and possibly for that of the people she was surrounded by, such as household members or close friends. Reading aloud at that clip was considered to be a societal activity, and Jane Austen was no alien to that. One can province with absolute certainty that she wrote novels that were based merely on what she knew of, and the portraiture of characters that had deepness and moral consciousness was in fact influenced ‘by her involvement in human psychological science ‘ ( Jane Austen: the universe of her novels, Deirdre Le Faye, Abrams, 2002, page 150 ) .

It is no surprise that in a universe of uncertainness and fright for the following twenty-four hours we try to happen a manner in which we can take safety or possibly conceal, even for a few hours, from our mundane jobs. Some of us like to make that with the aid of books.

When Austen foremost published her novels, the public position was divided in two positions. While some of her readers managed to appreciate them for her obvious ability to picture minutes of mundane life, others were contempt with rejecting them because they could non understand the thought of transposing the existent life into a work of fiction. This job was in fact really much nowadays so as it seems to be presents.

I felt it necessary to do this brief debut, so we can travel on with the presentation of three of Jane Austen most celebrated novels, Mansfield Park, Pride and Prejudice and Emma.

2.2 Mansfield Park

2.2.1 A brief debut

Frequently considered to be the least loved of her novels, Mansfield Park was said to be written someplace around 1813 and so given for printing in 1814 to Egerton. As he seemed slightly reserved to reissuing a 2nd edition to the novel in 1816, Jane ‘s brother Henry made the pick of offering Mansfield Park to another publishing house who was more than willing to reissue it.

Mansfield Park is one of the novels that had decidedly achieved success for it took its rightful topographic point among Jane Austen ‘s most serious plants. We, as readers, are informants to a alteration for the sense of amusing that was representative or that could easy be depicted in her early fiction is no longer expressed here by the well-known agencies of visible radiation and glistening vision. One might easy asseverate that Jane Austen went a small farther in making the heroine of her fresh known to us as Fanny Price. The heroine of this novel is really populating in her ain universe and in which she was successful in making her ain set of regulations that she lives by. Thus Fanny represents one of the austenian characters that, to my surprise, seem to be disliked by most Austen fans, as more and more readers tend to place themselves with Thomas Trilling ‘s averment that it is non possible for anyone to wish or even to be contempt with the heroine of Mansfield Park. Therefore it is my belief that Austen created yet another novel that is a clear illustration of her gift, trade and at the same clip inventiveness. Like most Austen novels, Mansfield Park is besides endowed with several cardinal subjects that can besides be encountered in anti-Jacobin novels, subjects that makes us, as readers, form an ideological feeling of the novel. These subjects are, of class, subjects that are to be encountered in most, if non all, austenian novels: nature, faith and matrimony.

The action of the novel is set in Northamptonshire, at the Bertrams ‘ place and it ne’er drifts far from the premises of Mansfield Park.

From the really beginning of the book we are given a description of the three Ward sisters and the route each took until present times. First and foremost we are introduced to Lady Bertram, the proud married woman of affluent Sir Thomas Bertram and her widowed sister Mrs. Norris. Then we are eventually presented to Fanny ‘s household, hapless Mrs. Price with her hubby and kids populating in complete poorness. It was exactly because they could no longer supply for their kids that Fanny was sent off to populate at Mansfield Park at the frail age of 10. Apparently, the heroine of the novel was non merely looked at with neglect by readers but besides by Austen ‘s ain female parent who considered Fanny Price to be no less that insipid.

Along with the description of the house, should we pay adequate attending, we can understand rather clearly Fanny ‘s place with respects to the other members of the house: she resembles a retainer. At one point her aunt, Mrs. Norris instructs her to be low to her cousins argumenting that she must ever come last. Upon her reaching she received a room in the Bertram ‘s attick, a room placed right following to the suites given to the amahs. As the old ages base on balls by, Fanny fleetly turns into a light-haired adolescent who develops an attractive force towards her cousin Tom.

2.2.2 Slavery in Mansfield Park

Jane Austen was brave plenty as to garner personal remarks and first feelings from her household members and close friends with respects to her Mansfield Park.

2.3 Emma

2.5 Jane Austen on the large screen

“ Why should we maintain seeing Austen fresh, through our ain, modern eyes? Because she ‘s a author who has ne’er truly left our field of vision ” ( hypertext transfer protocol: //articles.chicagotribune.com/1999-11-24/features/9911240351_1_mansfield-park-fanny-price-edmund-bertram/2 )

I have personally come to believe that Jane Austen ‘s novels came to be adapted more and more often because people tend to watch films that conveying forth a love narrative. In the undermentioned pages we will see why is it that some of these versions remain faithful to the novels while others have unhappily drifted off from the action of the novels. We will besides cover with the history of these versions and analyze each one of them while comparing them to the novels.

2.5.1. Mansfield Park Adaptations

After Jane Austen foremost published Mansfield Park she was a spot surprised and defeated to happen out that her beloved novel was non that good received by her fans, by the populace. The ground for this job was in fact the heroine of the novel, Fanny Price, who was characterized by many to be really dull, field and modest. Some of her chief feature was her failing and her unpleasant figure. The first and last clip we, as readers, see Fanny stand up for herself is when she absolutely refuses to be the married woman of Henry Crawford. Like most of her novels, wealth and societal standing is what Mansfield Park is approximately. It is Mrs. Norris, Fanny ‘s aunt that convinces the Bertram household to accept immature Fanny to come unrecorded with them.

1983 Television mini-series

The series, directed by David Giles, was the first screen version of Mansfield Park. Produced in 1983 the BBC mini-series version of Austen ‘s novel was based on Ken Taylor ‘s screenplay. Produced by Betty Willingale the series lasted for approximately four hours. When it was released,

Austen fans were pleased to see that Taylor followed the class of action portrayed in the novel. Sylvestra LeTouzel and Nicholas Farrell ( image ) portrayed Fanny Price and Edmund Bertram. Some critics strongly feel that taking Sylvestra to play Fanny was a incorrect pick for this version. The 1983 version of the novel received a nomination on the twelvemonth of its release at the BAFTA Awards in the Category of Best Costume Design and Best VTR Editor. Description: Mansfield park 1983

1999 Film Adaptation

‘Re-reading… the text, I think I missed a batch. The sarcasm, the humor and merely the intelligence. They ‘re such smart novels and they ‘re so carefully observed about human nature. ‘ ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.janeausten.co.uk/forum/topic/frances-oconnor-interview-on-mansfield-park )

This screen version of Mansfield Park was directed by Patricia Rozema and had French republics O’Connor as Fanny Price and Johnny Lee Miller as Edmund Bertram. This Fanny was far more attractive than the Fanny created by Austen. Rozema besides highlights the societal issue of that clip: bondage. There are a twosome of times in the movie when, if we pay attending, we can hear a vocal about a immature African that had been taken off from the safety of his place. He looks up and glimpses at a bird and asks it to present a message back to his household stating them about his agony. An interesting facet of this portion of the film is that we can tie in the sorrow of this immature adult male to that of Fanny ‘s, who, merely like him, was taken off from place, far from her household. This version mentions the issue of bondage more than one time. One fact about the version that seemed to hold Austen fans a spot disquieted is the credence of Fanny ‘s proposal from Crawford merely to reject him the undermentioned twenty-four hours. The manager shortly explained that she modeled the secret plan based on the writer ‘s ain credence and so rejection of Harris Big-Wither.

The Baltimore Sun Staff Chris Kaltenbach reviewed this movie on December 25, 1999 and said that the manager successfully managed to shoot parts of Jane Austen into Fanny Price. Chicago Times Sun critic Roger Ebert wrote a reappraisal on November 24, 1999 stating that the consequence of Patricia Rozema ‘s vision is so successful because she managed to make a film where both the writer and the heroine ‘s moral values are far more of import. In 1999 this version was nominated at the Montreal World Film Festival and a twelvemonth subsequently in 2000 it was nominated at the Satelite Awards in the Category of Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture Comedy or Musical and in the same twelvemonth received another nomination at the Chlotrudis Awards in the class of Best Screenplay and Best Supporting Actor.

2007 Television film

This version of Mansfield Park was directed by Iain B. MacDonald and written by Maggie Wadey. It received a nomination in 2007 at the Television Quick Awards in UK in the class of best actress. Billie Piper starred as Fanny Price and Blake Ritson as Edmund Bertram. However, this reading of the novel received more uncomplimentary reappraisals than expected, for the public position was that the screenplay did non fit their outlooks as Austen readers. Description: s640x480

2.5.2. Emma Adaptations

Jane Austen ‘s Emma foremost got out of the publication house in 1815, and it proudly represents Jane Austen in footings of manner. Austen herself made a wild premise when she acknowledged the fact that cipher but herself would wish the heroine of this novel, and she was right.

1948 Television presentation

Description: assetScreenshot

Directed by Michael Barry, this BBC Television production is the first version of Emma in which Judy Campbell ( left ) portrays Emma Woodhouse and Ralph Michael co-starred Campbell as George Knightley. Interestingly plenty, this black and white version was presented unrecorded to the audience.

1960 Television film based on the novel

Another BBC Television production of Emma was released in 1960. The screenplay of this version was written by Vincent Tilsley and it was produced by Campbell Logan. Description: 1960

It aired on February 26, 1960 through April 1, 1960 on each Friday. Diana Fairfax played Emma Woodhouse and Paul Daneman played Mr. Knightley.

1972: Television mini-series based on the novel

This BBC production was directed by John Glenister and the screenplay was adapted by Denis Constanduros. Doran Godwin portrays Emma Woodhouse and John Carson portrays Mr. Knightley. This version remains close to the novel written by Austen.

1996: Film based on the novel

This version of the novel directed by Douglas McGrath was released in 1996 and had Gwyneth Paltrow as Emma Woodhouse and Jeremy Northam as Mr. Knightley. This version was really popular since Rachel Portman won the Academy award at the Academy Award for Best Musical or Comedy Score in 1977. Paltrow besides won, merely this clip in the class of Best Performance by an Actress in a Gesture Picture at the Satelite Awards. The version was besides nominated in the class Best Screenplay based on Material Previously Produced at the Writers Guild of America. Description: 1996

1996 Television film

Diarmuid Lawrence directed this 1996 Television film version that had Kate Beckinsale as Emma and Mark Strong as Mr. Knightley. Andrew Davies created the screenplay of this film and won two Emmys. In 1997 production interior decorator Don Taylor, art manager Jo Graysmark and set interior designer John Bush won an Emmy in the class of Outstanding Art Direction for a Miniseries, and another Emmy was won by costume interior decorator Jenny Beavan in the class of Outstanding Art Direction for a Miniseries or a Particular. Description: 1996 television series

2009 Television Miniseries

This 2009 Series was directed by Jim O’Hanlon and it was based on Sandy Welch ‘s screenplay and starred Romola Garai as Emma and Johnny Lee Miller as Mr. Knightley. Department caput hairdresser Anne Oldham won an Emmy in the class of Outstanding Hairstyling for a Miniseries. The casting managers and costume interior decorators of this miniseries were besides nominated for an Emmy. Romola Garai was besides nominated in 2011 for a Golden Globe. Description: 2009

2.5.3 Pride and Prejudice

To me, Austen ‘s most celebrated fresh Pride and Prejudice has been and will ever be the most frequent pick in book-based Television versions. In what comes following I will give a presentation of this novel ‘s on-screen versions.

1940 Television Presentation

Director Robert Leonard directed this version of Austen ‘s beloved novel in 1940 with the aid of film writers Jane Murfin and Aldous Huxley. The Bennet sisters were portrayed by Greer Garson ( Elizabeth ) and Maureen O’Sullivan ( Jane ) and Laurence Olivier portrayed Mr. Darcy and Bruce Lester Mr. Bingley. Paul Groesse and Cedric Gibbons won an Academy award in 1941 in the class of Best Art Direction, Black and White. The film premiere on August 1940 drew the largest audience.bruce-lester-404_683013c

1949: Television Presentation of Pride and Prejudice

Directed by Fred Coe and based on the screenplay written by Samuel Taylor, this version had Madge Evans and John Baragrey as Mr. Darcy. This NBC production lasted for 1 hr and it was a unrecorded black and white production merely like the 1940 presentation of the novel. This screenplay has a really alone facet if I may state so: this is the first version where we have an histrion that interprets Jane Austen. 1949 madge Evanss

1952: Television mini-series

The 1952 six episode-series was directed by Campbell Logan and the screenplay author of this version was Cedric Wallis. Daphne Slater portrayed Elizabeth Bennet, Peter Cushing starred as Mr. Darcy, Ann Baskett portrayed Jane Bennet and David Markham starred as Mr. Bingley. This unrecorded, black and white version lasted for 180 proceedingss.

1967: Television series based on the novel

1967 celia bannerman

This BBC mini-series was directed by Joan Craft and produced by Campbell Logan. This version follows the screenplay of Nemone Lethbridge and has Celia Bannerman as Elizabeth Bennet, Lewis Fiander as Mr. Darcy, Polly Adams as Jane Bennet and David Savile as Mr. Bingley.

1980: Television mini-series

This 1980 mini-series was directed by Cyril Coke and it followed the screenplay of Fay Weldon. Elizabeth Garvie portrayed Lizzie Bennet, David Rintoul portrayed Mr. Darcy, Sabina Franklin starred as Jane Bennet and Osmund Bullock portrayed Mr. Bingley. This Television mini-series version of Pride and Prejudice received two nominations in 1981 at the BAFTA Award: Joan Ellacott was nominated in the class of Best Costume Design, and Dave Sydenham was nominated in the class of Best Television Lighting. “ Elizabeth Garvie ( 1980 ) efficaciously conveys the intelligence, wit, and obstinacy of Elizabeth Bennet ” ( Parrill, Sue: Jane Austen on Film and Television: 2002, pg. 63 ) .1980 elizabeth garvie

1995: Television mini-series

This 1995 version of Austen ‘s authoritative novel was directed by Simon Langton and followed Andrew Davies ‘s book. The six episode series had Jennifer Ehle as Lizzie Bennet, Colin Firth as Mr. Darcy ( image ) , Susannah Harker as Jane Bennet and Crispin Bonham-Carter as Mr. Bingley. This version was blessed plenty as it won its just portion of awards, among which: Andrew Davies won the Writers ‘ Guild of Great Britain Award in 1996 in the class of Television Dramatized Serial, TCA Award in the class of Outstanding Achievement in Movies in the same twelvemonth, Dinah Collin won an Emmy in 1996, Colin Firth besides won an Broadcasting Press Guild Award in 1996, and Jennifer Ehle won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress. Overall, the miniseries won the Banff Rockie Award in 1996 in the class of best miniseries. darcy_lizzie396_396x222

2005: Film based on the novel

Directed by Joe Wright, written by Deborah Moggach and produced by Tim Bevan and Eric Fellner, this version of the novel has Keira Knightley as Lizzie Bennet, Matthew Macfadyen as Mr. Darcy ( image ) , Rosamund Pike as Jane Bennet and Simon Woods as Mr. Bingley. Costume Designer Jacqueline Durran won a Satelite Award in 2005, Tom Hollander won the Peter Sellers Award for Comedy, and the film received the Empire Award for Best British Film, and manager Joe Wright won the Carl Foreman Award for the Most Promising Newcomer. In an interview by Alana Lee, Keira Knightley was asked what is the relevancy of the narrative for modern audience. This is what she answered: pride-3

For me it ‘s about turning up, about doing errors, it ‘s about love and it ‘s about things that are as relevant today as so. And it ‘s one of the most beautiful romantic narratives of all time told. I think it has wholly cosmopolitan entreaty, and it does n’t count when you set it or when you ‘re watching or read it. You ca n’t non love it.