Understanding what is and is non plagiarism can be confounding so it is of import to inquire your lector if you are non certain. Plagiarism is a really serious offense and the punishments for it can be terrible.
It is non acceptable to copy something out of a book, diary, website or any other printed beginning without saying clearly where you got it from. It does non count if it is merely a sentence or a phrase. If it is non your words, either do non utilize it or set it in quotation marks ( as I have done in the definition above ) and mention it.
There are different methods for citing work but what affairs is that the reader can state which words are yours and which are person else ‘s. Referencing will besides demo where you got your information from. When you province a fact, unless it is “ general cognition, ” ( such as the statement that H2O furuncles at 100 grades ) you must ever state where it comes from.
LSC Policy on Plagiarism
Any pupil that is found to hold plagiarised person else ‘s work will automatically have a ‘Fail ‘ class for their work and a formal warning. Showing person else ‘s work as your ain is dishonorable and is a really serious offense. LSC takes plagiarism really earnestly and will take action against anyone found to hold committed it in any of their work. Repeat offenses of Plagiarism could ensue in a pupil being withdrawn from their surveies.
What is citing?
As a University pupil you are expected to mention to the work of other writers to back up your thoughts. When you do this, you must state whose work you are utilizing by mentioning it ( composing brief inside informations in brackets ) in the text of your assignment and besides in a list at the terminal of your assignment.
If something is personal to you, such as speaking about your work experience or is your personal position on a topic, so this is your ain work and does non necessitate referencing. However, if you are composing something that you have read about, even if you paraphrase ( alter some of the words ) or summarise, so you must province from where you got that information.
Mentions must be provided whenever you use person else ‘s sentiments, theories, informations or administration of stuff. You need to cite information from books, articles, pictures, web sites, images, computing machines and any other beginnings.
A mention is required if you:
paraphrasis ( use person else ‘s thoughts in your ain words )
summarise ( utilize a brief history of person else ‘s thoughts )
quotation mark ( use person else ‘s exact words )
transcript ( use person else ‘s figures, tabular arraies or construction )
Over-Referencing
When you submit an assignment you are graded on your original parts so your replies and responses should be composed chiefly of your ain words. Bing able to show that you can research relevant stuff and mention it in your work will gain you higher classs, but entirely it is non plenty to supply a proper response. Be careful non to include excessively much of person else ‘s work and non plenty of your ain as this will besides gain you a ‘Fail ‘ class. Your assignment should be made up of at least 50 % of your ain words. If you submit an assignment that is made up of stuff that has been copied, you are non demoing that you understand the topic. All you are showing is that you can reiterate what the text editions say.
The Harvard Referencing Guide
The Harvard Referencing Guide is the method of citing you are required to utilize at LSC. It helps you to utilize commendations and mentions in your work in a systematic manner.
There are two parts to citing when utilizing the Harvard System:
1. Mentioning in the text of your work
2. Full bibliographic mentions at the terminal of your work
Mentioning in the text of your work
When you refer to another papers you must admit this within the text of your work, by mentioning the writer ‘s family name, day of the month of publication, and page figure.
For illustration:
When paraphrasing:
Artificial intelligence may be defined as the subdivision of computing machine scientific discipline that is concerned with the mechanization of intelligent behavior ( Lugar, 2001, p.1 ) .
When quoting:
Chang ( 2003, p.77 ) stated that “ Korean companies have been traditionally characterized by long-run contracts and seniority-based direction. ”
For Web sites:
If you are mentioning a web page you should utilize the writer and day of the month of publication ( as shown above ) , and where there is no writer on the web site you should mention by the rubric. If neither writer nor rubric is available use the URL.
For illustration:
The Marketing Trends Survey ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cim.co.uk, 2006 ) revealed that a company ‘s sustainability patterns will progressively impact the clients purchasing determinations.
Full Bibliographic Reference List
Bibliographic mentions given at the terminal of the text should place the publications referred to in your text commendations. In your mention list, the first two parts, the writers surname and the day of the month, supply the nexus to the commendation you made in the text and should look at the terminal of your work in alphabetical order.
Books and other printed plants
If you are citing a book or a study, you should include the undermentioned information, in this order:
Author ( s ) or editor ( s )
The day of the month of publication ( in brackets )
The rubric and any caption, which should be in italics
Series rubric and figure ( if they appear )
The edition if it is non the first
Topographic point of publication
Publisher
For illustration:
Lugar, G.F. ( 2001 ) Artificial intelligence: constructions and schemes for complex job work outing. 4th erectile dysfunction. Boston: Addison Wesley.
Conference documents
Writer of paper
Date of publication
Title of paper ( in citation Markss )
Editor ( s ) ( if they appear )
Title of conference: caption ( including location and day of the month of conference ) ( in italics )
Topographic point of publication
Publisher
Pagination for the paper
For illustration:
Fedchak, E. & A ; Duvall, L. ( 1996 ) ‘An technology attack to electronic publication ‘ . In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Multimedia Software Development, 25-26 March, Berlin.
Los Alamitos, California: IEEE Computer Society Press, pp.80-88.
Electronic Books
Writer
Year of publication of book ( in unit of ammunition brackets )
Title of book ( in italics )
Name of ebook provider
Online ( in square brackets )
Available at: URL ( Accessed: day of the month )
For illustration:
Shea, D. & A ; Holzschlag, M.E. ( 2005 ) The Zen of css design: ocular enlightenment for the web, Safari Tech Books Online [ Online ] . Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //proquestcombo.safaribooksonline.com/0321303474/ch01lev2sec4 ( Accessed: 18 April 2007 ) .
Journal articles ( accessed in difficult transcript format )
The writer ( s ) of the article
The month and twelvemonth of publication ( in brackets )
The rubric of the article ( in citation Markss )
If you are citing an column put [ column ]
The rubric of the diary, which must be in italics
The volume and portion figure
The first and last page Numberss of the article
For illustration:
Chang, E. ( 2003 ) ‘Composite effects of extrinsic motive on work attempt: instance of Korean employees ‘ . Journal of World Business, 38 ( 1 ) , February, pp.70-79.
Note: Manuscripts that have been accepted for publication but are non yet published should be cited with “ ( In imperativeness ) ” following the journal rubric.
Electronic diary articles ( accessed online )
A mention to an ejournal, including those that have come from an ejournal aggregation, such as ABI/INFORM Select, Emerald Fulltext, Science Direct, should include the undermentioned information in this order:
The writer ( s ) of the article
Date of publication
The rubric of the article ( in citation Markss )
The rubric of the diary, which must be in italics
Volume figure and issue Numberss
Name of ejournal aggregation if applicable ( in italics ) [ Online ]
State where the article is available online from
Accessed: followed by the day of the month accessed ( circular brackets )
For illustration:
Al-Madhoun, M. & A ; Analoui, F. ( 2004 ) ‘Developing SME directors under fire: negotiating obstructions and failings in Palestine ‘ , Journal of Management Development, 23 ( 5 ) , pp.479-495, IngentaConnect [ Online ] . Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ingentaconnect.com ( Accessed: 9 September 2007 )
A
Documents Found on Web Pages
The writer ( s ) , editor ( s ) or corporate writer ( s ) of the papers ( if they can be identified )
Date of publication
The rubric of the papers, which must be in italics ( or the first few words of the papers if the rubric is non clear ) [ Online ]
Topographic point of publication
Publisher
Available from: followed by the URL
Accessed: followed by the day of the month the papers was accessed ( in unit of ammunition brackets )
For illustration:
Pears, R. & A ; Shields, G. ( 1995 ) Cite them right: citing made easy. [ Online ] Northumbria: Northumbria University. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.unn.ac.uk/central/isd/cite/index.htm ( Accessed: 21 May 2004 ) .
URLs ( internet references )
When mentioning from the cyberspace:
Be consistent throughout. Fit with the Harvard manner as this is the method that you have used for other beginnings of information.
Many Web paperss do non give an writer. If the information is non expressed you may happen it in the heading of the HTML encoded text ( although that may reflect who “ marked up ” the papers, instead than who really wrote it. ) A You can see the heading by taking the option to see document beginning. Otherwise use the rubric as the chief mention point as you would with any anon. work.
If a papers on the web is a series of linked pages – what is the rubric of the papers? You should mention the page you are citing from but mention to the website tile.
You should mention the day of the month the papers was last updated if this is evident, or the day of the month when you accessed it.
For illustration:
Financial Services Authority ( 2005 ) . What we do. [ Online ] . Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fsa.gov.uk/Pages/About/What/index.shtml ( Accessed: 2 February 2007 ) .
Electronic mails
When mentioning electronic mails it is of import that you get the permission of the transmitter of the electronic mail before mentioning it.
Sender
Sender ‘s electronic mail reference ( in brackets )
Day, month and twelvemonth the electronic mail was sent
Subject of message in italics
The words Email to followed by the receiver ‘s name
Recipient ‘s e-mail reference ( in brackets )
For illustration:
Jones, S. ( SJones @ world.ac.uk ) , 20 June 2007. Re: How to mention an electronic mail. Email to P. Smith ( p.smith @ world.ac.uk ) .
List Alphabetically
All your mentions should be included at the terminal of your work in alphabetical order by family name.
For illustration:
Al-Madhoun, M. & A ; Analoui, F. ( 2004 ) ‘Developing SME directors under fire: negotiating obstructions and failings in Palestine ‘ , Journal of Management Development, 23 ( 5 ) , pp.479-495, IngentaConnect [ Online ] . Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ingentaconnect.com/ ( Accessed: 9 September 2007 )
Chang, E. ( 2003 ) ‘Composite effects of extrinsic motive on work attempt: instance of Korean employees ‘ . Journal of World Business, 38 ( 1 ) , February, pp.70-79.
Fedchak, E. & A ; Duvall, L. ( 1996 ) ‘An technology attack to electronic publication ‘ . In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Multimedia Software Development, 25-26 March, Berlin. Los Alamitos, California: IEEE Computer Society Press, pp.80-88.
Financial Services Authority ( 2005 ) . What we do. [ Online ] . Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fsa.gov.uk/Pages/About/What/index.shtml ( Accessed: 2 February 2007 ) .
Jones, S. ( SJones @ world.ac.uk ) , 20 June 2007. Re: How to mention an electronic mail. Email to P. Smith ( p.smith @ world.ac.uk ) .
Lugar, G.F. ( 2001 ) Artificial intelligence: constructions and schemes for complex job work outing. 4th erectile dysfunction. Boston: Addison Wesley.
Pears, R. & A ; Shields, G. ( 1995 ) Cite them right: citing made easy. [ Online ] Northumbria: Northumbria University. Available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.unn.ac.uk/central/isd/cite/index.htm ( Accessed: 21 May 2007 ) .
Shea, D. & A ; Holzschlag, M.E. ( 2005 ) The Zen of css design: ocular enlightenment for the web, Safari Tech Books Online [ Online ] . Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //proquestcombo.safaribooksonline.com/0321303474/ch01lev2sec4 ( Accessed: 18 April 2007 ) .
Further Information
If you have any uncertainties about how to mention and cite your work you should discus this with your lector. Students are expected to utilize this method of citing for ALL of their work so it is of import that you get this right. Further resources country available here:
LSC Library – inquire the bibliothec for information about the Harvard Referencing Guide.
UWIC Website – hypertext transfer protocol: //www.uwic.ac.uk/Library/electronic/eref/referencinglitsearch.htm
Here you will happen utile information for utilizing Harvard every bit good as links to other beginnings.
