The book begins as four kids, Peter, Susan, Edmund, and Lucy, are sent to populate with an old Professor in the state because of the air foraies in their hometown of London, England. One twenty-four hours, as the conditions is awful, the kids explore the elephantine sign of the zodiac, and Lucy discovers a unusual closet. She enters it and disappears into an enchanted wood. She befriends a Faun who calls himself Mr. Tumnus and goes to his house to hold tea. He explains everything about the state, Narnia, and the White Witch. The White Witch has cursed Narnia so it ‘s “ ever winter and ne’er Christmas ” ( Lewis 14 ) , and she believes herself to be the Queen. After tea, Mr. Tumnus begins shouting and confesses he was hired by the White Witch to capture human existences. Lucy explains that it ‘s non excessively late to allow her travel, and, out of guilt, he does.

Lucy returns place and tells her siblings about where she had been and how long she has been off, but the siblings insist that she was n’t gone more than a few seconds. For the following few yearss, the kids ridicule Lucy infinitely. On the following showery twenty-four hours, the kids play hide-and-seek. Lucy feels drawn back to the closet and fells in it, but Edmund follows her in. Lucy takes this chance to turn out Narnia to him and makes her manner through the closet. Edmund goes in after her, and finds himself in forepart of the White Witch. The Witch introduces herself as Queen of Narnia ” . She feeds him charming Turkish Delight, and promises him a topographic point on the throne as Prince of Narnia if he can convey his siblings to run into her. Because he ‘s so avaricious, he agrees and the White Witch leaves.

Lucy finds Edmund and tells him that she has been with Mr. Tumnus. As they make their manner back to the lamppost, the beacon between Narnia and our universe, Lucy tells Edmund all about the White Witch and how evil she is. Edmund, nevertheless, neglects all that Lucy is stating and merely thinks about his personal desires. When Lucy and Edmund return, Lucy once more spins her narrative about Narnia. This clip she believes Edmund will take her side, but he merely state them that it was all a game and he was indulging Lucy ‘s imaginativeness. This sends Peter and Susan, the oldest, to the Professor ‘s room as they are convinced Lucy ‘s gone loony. The professor surprisingly tells them that Lucy was likely stating the truth.

Soon after, the housekeeper is taking a group of people on a circuit of the sign of the zodiac, and to avoid interfering, the kids fell in the closet. The kids all enter Narnia. Lucy ‘s first precedence is look intoing on Mr. Tumnus, but when they get to his house they find a note bespeaking his gaining control by the White Witch ‘s constabulary force. Lucy demands that they rescue Mr. Tumnus. A redbreast guides them further into the forests, where they meet Mr. Beaver. Mr. Beaver tells them that it is excessively late to salvage Mr. Tumnus, but if they join him on his quest to run into Aslan they could subvert the White Witch. He explains that Aslan is a king of beasts, and is a kind of god-figure. He

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has n’t been to Narnia in a long clip, but it is said when he returns that Narnia will be saved. The name Aslan invokes a feeling of joy in Peter, Susan and Lucy. Edmund, nevertheless, feels terrible at the sound of it. Mr. Beaver, Peter, Susan and Lucy caput to the Stone Table to run into Aslan and recognize Edmund has vanished. Edmund has gone to the White Witch ‘s palatial place to warn her of Aslan ‘s coming. Should the kids articulation forces with Aslan, it is written in an ancient rime that Narnia will be ruled by the four worlds. The Witch is ferocious and sends a squad of wolves to halt the kids preemptively. She so throws Edmund in her sled and they all head to the Stone Table.

The beavers and the other kids become cognizant of the alteration in clime. The snow has started to run and marks of Spring are apparent. As there is no snow for the Witch to go on, her ocean trip is slowed. She turns her useless caribou loose and forces Edmund to drag her and her midget to their finish.

When the other kids meet Aslan, they are mystified and scared to the point that they ca n’t bare to look at his face. Finally they become more comfy around him. Aslan and Peter discuss Cair Paravel, the castle that holds the four thrones. Suddenly, Lucy calls for aid as she is being attacked by one of the Witch ‘s wolves. Peter kills it as another one runs off. Aslan ‘s soldiers follow it in hopes of happening Edmund. Just as the Witch draws her knife to kill Edmund, the wolf leads Aslan ‘s soldiers to him. The Enchantress uses her thaumaturgy to mask herself as a tree and Edmund is taken back to the cantonment where the other kids are.

The undermentioned twenty-four hours, the Witch arrives and demands Edmund ‘s life, mentioning to a deep thaumaturgy that stipulates she has the right to his life. Aslan makes a secret trade with her, and returns to the cantonment rather sullen. When dark falls, Aslan sneaks out of his collapsible shelter, but Susan and Lucy follow distantly. Aslan recognizes their presence. He tells them they can follow him until he says they must remain back. When they reach the Stone Table, Aslan tells them to go forth. They hide themselves in a nearby shrub and ticker as the Witch and a group of gruesome animals viciously slayings Aslan. Aslan has given his life to salvage Edmund ‘s. The misss cry all dark, without slumber, over the loss and remain at the Stone Table. In the forenoon, the Stone Table interruptions into two pieces and Aslan is surprisingly alive. He tells them that a deeper charming AIDSs one who gives their life for another. Susan and Lucy ride Aslan all the manner to the Witch ‘s palace where they free all the rock captives. They so return to the battleground, where Peter ‘s ground forces is rapidly losing. Aslan defeats the Witch and Peter ‘s forces win the war.

All of the kids are crowned Kings and Queens, and Edmund is knighted for his function in the conflict. Aslan sneaks out amidst the rejoicing, and the kids turn to be great swayers. One twenty-four hours, as they are runing a mystical cervid that Mr. Tumnus had told them about, the kids find the lamppost. Many old ages have passed in Narnia and they do n’t acknowledge its significance, but they decide they must bury about their Hunt and prosecute this new journey. They find themselves on the other side of the closet non a minute after they had gone in. They rapidly tell the Professor all about Narnia and, one time once more, he does n’t doubt their truthfulness.

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Subjects:

Chief Subject: A evildoer ‘s life is ne’er a pleasant life.

“ Edmund, who was going a nastier individual every minute, thought that he had scored a great success, and went on at one time to state, ‘There she goes once more. What ‘s the affair with her? ‘ ” ( Lewis 36 )

Here, at the beginning of the novel, Edmund is merely acquiring back from his brush with the White Witch. His corruptness by the Witch-who symbolizes Satan in the novel-is merely emerging. It shows how rapidly Edmund is going a really unsympathetic individual. Peoples by nature do non like being disliked. His lone ground for disregarding Lucy ‘s narrative to the others is that he was annoyed with her for being right ; he ‘s besides huffy that she said awful things about the Queen of Narnia.

“ The Dwarf obeyed, and in a few proceedingss Edmund found himself being forced to walk every bit fast as he could with his custodies tied behind him. He kept on stealing in the alcoholic, and clay and wet grass, and every clip he slipped the Dwarf gave him a expletive and sometimes a flick with the whip. The Witch walked behind the Dwarf and kept on stating, ‘Faster! Faster! ‘ ” ( Lewis 96-7 )

Edmund was invariably being punished for making nil incorrect. In fact, he tried to help the Witch by warning her of Aslan ‘s reaching and by conveying his siblings to Narnia. Merely old to this quotation mark, Edmund was forced to watch as the Witch took harmless animate beings ‘ Christmas nowadayss. This could be considered a signifier of psychological or emotional torture. His lone ruin was still transgressing, by following the Witch ‘s regulations.

“ When at last she was free to come back to Edmund, she found him standing on his pess and non merely healed but looking better than seen him since-oh, for ages ; in fact of all time since his first term at that horrid school which was where he had begun to travel incorrect. ” ( Lewis 146 )

After Edmund was about killed in the line of conflict, Lucy revived him with her gift from Father Christmas. After that, he was cleansed from all his wickednesss. He began to non merely experience better, but look better every bit good. His trust and esteem from his siblings every bit good as all Narnians grew. Edmund felt as if a weight had been lifted and he was a much better individual for it. This quotation mark shows the consequence of populating a sin-free life.

Secondary Subject: Good victory over immorality.

“ It was the oddest thing to see those two faces-the aureate face and the dead-white face-so stopping point together. Not that the Witch looked Aslan precisely in his eyes ; Mrs. Beaver peculiarly noticed this. ” ( Lewis 113 )

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The first clip in the novel that the caput power of good and the head power of evil meet face-to-face, the Witch can non look Aslan in the oculus. Much like a Canis familiaris shows it ‘s proprietor who is dominant, the Enchantress shows her lower status to Aslan. On a little graduated table, this is boding the ruin of immorality at the custodies of a more powerful force-the powers of good.

“ The conflict was over a few proceedingss after their reaching. Most of the enemy had been killed in the first charge of Aslan and his comrades ; and when those who were still populating saw that the Witch was dead, they either gave themselves up or took to flight. ” ( Lewis 145 )

This quotation mark is a good illustration of a actual reading that good victory over evil. Aslan had killed the White Witch within seconds of puting pes on the battleground and the evil forces that followed her were overthrown within proceedingss. This shows merely how much more powerful good is than immorality.

Secondary Subject: Blaming others for your on ruins is unfair and foolish.

“ Even as it was, he got wet through ; for he had to crouch to travel under subdivisions, and great tonss of snow came skiding off onto his dorsum. And every clip this happened he thought more and more how he hated Peter-just as if this had been Peter ‘s mistake. ” ( Lewis 74 )

Edmund gets huffy with Peter for seting him in this quandary, when in actuality Edmund brought it all upon himself. He could hold told the others about the White Enchantress from the beginning, he could hold ignored the warnings from Mr. Tumnus, Lucy, and the Beavers, and he could hold chosen to remain with the other kids alternatively of heading out entirely for the Witch ‘s palace. Peter had no making in Edmund ‘s hapless picks.

“ ‘So you truly were here, ‘ he said, ‘that clip Lu said she ‘d run into you in here-and you made out she was stating prevarications. ‘ There was a dead silence. ‘Well, of all the toxicant small beasts- ‘ said Peter, and shrugged his shoulders and said no more. There seemed, so, no more to state, and soon the four resumed their journey ; but Edmund was stating to himself, ‘I ‘ll pay you all out for this, you pack of bigheaded, smug snob. ‘ ” ( Lewis 45 )

Although Peter has every right to be huffy at Edmund for lying through his dentitions and doing Lucy look loony, he shrugs it off and does n’t keep it against Edmund. Edmund, on the other manus, gets really angry at Peter and begins to fault him for all of the guilt he feels indoors. Edmund one time once more could hold avoided that guilt by maintaining his oral cavity shut, but he allow steal the fact that he had already been to Narnia, taking to his present province.

Passages:

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Plot Events:

“ And now there was no misidentifying it, and all four kids stood winking in the daytime of a winter twenty-four hours. Behind them were coats hanging on nog ; in forepart of them were snow-clad trees. ” ( Lewis 44 )

The kids have merely set pes in Narnia as a group, and they will stay at that place for the continuance of the novel. This is the motivating force of the novel. The kids have the option to turn around and travel back through the closet, but their desire for geographic expedition pushes them forth into this new land.

“ There, reflecting in the dawn, larger than they had seen him earlier, agitating his mane ( for it had seemingly grown once more ) , stood Aslan himself. ”

This quote serves as the flood tide of the novel. Aslan has merely come back to life after the White Witch and her evil minions viciously murdered him on the Stone Table. Aslan ‘s resurgence foreshadows the ruin of the Witch and the victory of good over immorality.

“ And now, as you see, this narrative is about ( but non rather ) at an terminal. These two Kings and two Queens governed Narnia good, and long and happy was their reign. At first much of their clip was spent in seeking out the leftovers of the White Witch ‘s ground forces and destructing them, and so for a long clip there would be intelligence of evil things skulking the Wilder parts of the forest-a haunting here and a violent death at that place, a glance of a wolfman one month and a rumour of a beldam the following. But in the terminal all that foul brood was stamped out. ” ( Lewis 149 )

As the novel comes to a stopping point, the kids ( or grownups, now ) reign over Narnia. They are really good at opinion and are beloved by all Narnians. Soon, all of the immorality is irradicated from Narnia and everyone lives peacefully as Narnia was intended to be. However, as Lewis says, the narrative is non rather over. In the really terminal, the kids must return from whence they came, go forthing Narnia behind for the foreseeable hereafter.

Atmosphere:

“ There was chip, dry snow under his pess and more snow prevarication on the subdivisions of the trees. Overhead there was a pale blue sky, the kind of sky one sees on a all right winter twenty-four hours in the forenoon. Straight in front of him he saw between the tree trunks the Sun, merely lifting, really ruddy and clear. Everything was absolutely still, as if he were the lone life animal in that state. There was non even a redbreast or a squirrel among the trees, and the wood stretched every bit far as he could see in every way. He shivered. ” ( Lewis 22 )

Lewis paints a image here of a absolutely unagitated Winter twenty-four hours. One can conceive of themself on such a twenty-four hours, the odor of snow in the anterior nariss, the wet in the air. The lifting Sun stings the eyes, and

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so they squint. The Sun gives a brief esthesis of heat, until the Winter zephyr expanses through the organic structure one time more, doing trembles down the spinal column.

“ Every minute the spots of green grew bigger and the spots of snow grew smaller. Every minute more and more of the trees shook off their robes of snow. Soon, wherever you looked, alternatively of white forms you saw the dark viridity of firs or the black bristly subdivisions of bare oaks and beeches and elms. Then the mist turned from white to gold and soon cleared away wholly. Shafts of delightful sunshine struck down onto the forest floor and operating expense you could see a bluish sky between the crowns. ” ( Lewis 97 )

This quotation mark seems to demo an accelerated alteration in seasons from Winter to Spring. In late Winter, one can smell the mist from the runing snow as the overflow seeps into the dirt ; in early Spring, one can smell the flowers get downing to blossom as they secrete their pollen. Everywhere, the land is damp, doing it drop to the slightest touch. The colourss of Spring are beaming when compared to a long Winter.

Main Character Development:

“ ‘Come and sit with me here on the sleigh and I will set my mantle around you and we will speak. ‘ Edmund did non like this agreement at all but he dared non disobey ; he stepped onto the sleigh and Saturday at her pess, and she put a crease of her fur mantle around him and tucked it good in. ” ( Lewis 27 )

Edmund does non like the White Witch at first, but as she becomes more an more sort to him, he begins to swear her more. When she feeds him the enchanted Turkish Delight, he becomes infatuated with the thought of the Witch and becomes her loyal retainer. This shows character development because in a affair of paragraphs, Edmund turns from loath obeisance to loyal esteem.

“ ‘She was reasonably nice to me, anyhow, much nicer than they are. I expect she is the rightful Queen, truly. ‘ ”

This quotation mark shows Edmund ‘s turning servitude to the Witch. He rapidly places her at the top of his priorities-list and is to the full ready to go forth his household behind wholly. He believes that the Witch has treated him finely, but she was simply sweet-talking him to acquire what she wanted. He shortly finds out that her good nature is merely impermanent.

“ Edmund shook custodies with each of the others and said to each of them in bend, ‘I ‘m regretful, ‘ and everyone said ‘That ‘s all right. ‘

Finally atoning for his lese majesty to his household and Narnia, Edmund asks his household for forgiveness. Aslan tells them all that there is no ground to brood on the past as Edmund is genuinely

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sorry and declinations bewraying them. Edmund is eventually over the Witch ‘s appeal and is ready to stand alongside his siblings wherever they may travel.

Primary Conflict: Human versus Human

“ ‘A batch we could make! ‘ said Edmund, ‘when we have n’t even got anything to eat! ‘

Shut up-you! ‘ said Peter, who was still really angry with Edmund. ” ( Lewis 48 )

There is a changeless struggle between Peter and Edmund. It is common for there to be sibling competition, but Peter, nevertheless, holds himself back because Edmund is his younger brother. If they were non related and Edmund had committed such despicable Acts of the Apostless to the others, Peter would hold left him for worse. The struggle is more ramping on Edmund ‘s behalf, as he is invariably walking in Peter ‘s shadow and feels inferior, fueling his hate for his brother.

“ The two elder 1s did this without intending to make it, but Edmund could be vindictive, and on this juncture he was vindictive. He sneered and jeered at Lucy and kept on inquiring her if she ‘d found any other new states in other closets all over the house. ” ( Lewis 20 )

Edmund is a really confrontational person, and finds grounds to pick battles with people. Here, he ‘s seen jabing merriment at Lucy, the youngest of the four, for her “ prevarications ” about detecting Narnia. By making this, Edmund is merely giving Lucy a ground to be angry with him and to dislike him from that point on. Luckily for Edmund, Lucy is at an guiltless age and can non keep a score, for if she could, Edmund would be jeered at for old ages to come.

Secondary Conflict: Human versus Self

“ Up to that minute Edmund had been experiencing ill, and sulky, and annoyed with Lucy for being right, but he had n’t made up his head what to make. ” ( Lewis 35 )

Edmund is found combating his marbless on what is the right thing to make. Should he bewray Lucy and profit himself or should he state the others, give Lucy the satisfaction she ‘s been looking for and accept the fact that things ca n’t ever travel his manner. In the terminal he decided to travel with the latter, but he had been personally conflicted for yearss on what to make.

Symbols:

“ But behind him, on a much higher place in the center of the sleigh, sat a really different person-a great lady, taller than any adult female that Edmund had of all time seen. She besides was covered in white pelt up to her pharynx and held a long consecutive aureate wand in her right manus and wore a aureate Crown on her caput. Her face was white-not simply pale, but white like snow or paper or frost sugar, except for her really ruddy oral cavity. It was a beautiful face in other respects, but proud and cold and austere. ” ( Lewis 24 )

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The White Witch symbolizes Satan. She is considered a God in her ain head, and as such efforts to subvert her superior, Aslan. She is attractive at first, the manner the Satan is, as she intends to entice you in from the really get downing. Later in the novel, Mr. Beaver calls her out on being the Emperor-Beyond-the-Sea ‘s hangman ( or next in bid ) , but she is rather clearly no longer on good footings with the Emperor. She makes mention to a deep thaumaturgy that gives her the right to anyone who commits lese majesty against Aslan and Narnia. As the Bible says, the devil gets the rights to any psyche that has sinned and has non been forgiven.

“ I tell you he is King of the wood and the boy of the great Emperor-Beyond-the-Sea. Do n’t you cognize who is the King of Beasts? Aslan is a lion-the king of beasts, the great Lion. ” ( Lewis 64 )

In this novel, Aslan symbolizes Jesus Christ, the Son of God. God is hence symbolized by the Emperor, but Christians know that there is no difference between Jesus Christ and God, as they are one entity in three signifiers ( the other being the Holy Spirit ) . Not much is said about Aslan ‘s visual aspect, other than that he is a king of beasts. This is likely due to the fact that the face of God is indefinable. A cardinal fact of Aslan ‘s symbolism is his forfeit of himself. Merely as Jesus died to salvage world from their wickednesss, as did Aslan to salvage Edmund. Besides, merely as Jesus rose from the grave, Aslan rose from the Stone Table. The symbolic mentions to the Bible are infinite, as the whole book revolves around such symbolism.

Setting:

“ This narrative is about something that happened to them when they were sent off from London during the war because of air foraies. ” ( Lewis 1 )

This quotation mark provides two key inside informations about the scene. It provides information about the clip period, as the air foraies would hold been in World War Two. This puts the clip line someplace between 1939 and 1936. It besides tells about the old life conditions of the household. Peoples in London lived in changeless fright during the War. The idea that a bomb might be dropped at any given clip ne’er left their caputs.

“ It was the kind of house that you ne’er seem to come to the terminal of, and it was full of unexpected topographic points. The first few doors they tried led merely into trim sleeping rooms, as everyone had expected that they would ; but shortly they came to a really long room full of images and there they found a suit of armour ; and after that was a room all hung with green, with a harp in one corner ; and so came three stairss down and five stairss up, and so a sort of small upstairs hall and a door that led out onto a balcony, and so a whole series of suites that led into each other and were lined with books-most of them really old books and some bigger than a Bible in a church. And shortly after that they looked into a room that was rather empty except for one large closet, the kind that has a long looking glass in the door. There was nil else in the room at all except a dead cornflower on the windowsill. ” ( Lewis 3-4 )

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New life conditions are now observed. Alternatively of a little place in London, the kids resided in a elephantine sign of the zodiac with multiple suites and eternal stairwaies. Possibly the closet being in a room by itself shows merely how much infinite the Professor has that he can reserve a room wholly for a closet.

“ The following thing they saw was a marquee pitched on one side of the unfastened topographic point. A fantastic marquee it was-and particularly now when the visible radiation of the scene Sun fell upon it-with sides of what looked similar silk and cords of ruby and tent-pegs of tusk ; and high above it on a pole a streamer, which bore a ruddy rampant king of beasts, fluttered in the zephyr which was blowing in their faces from the faraway sea. ” ( Lewis 101 )

Location is described here, a marquee in a privy country in Narnia. Populating conditions are besides addressed. Though it may non be a sign of the zodiac, it is the nicest topographic point in Narnia that we have yet heard of. Besides, refering to populating conditions, a great chumminess is displayed between everyone life in the marquee.

Narrative Point of Position: Third-person Omniscient

“ Once there were four kids whose names were Peter, Susan, Edmund, and Lucy. ” ( Lewis 1 )

As one could assume, a narrative get downing with, “ Once there were… ” or any fluctuation on such a phrase will be told in third-person omniscient. It is non told from another character ‘s position, for if it were, the character would non state, “ Once upon a clip… ” or the similar.

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